Jasper and sard are opaque types of chalcedony, a microcrystalline type of quartz. Jasper displays a variety of colours and patterns resulting from different mineral inclusions, producing hues from earthy browns and reds to vibrant greens and blues. Sard, in distinction, usually shows reddish-brown hues, starting from a pale, fleshy tone to a deep, brownish-red, typically likened to carnelian however usually darker.
These gems maintain historic and cultural significance. Their sturdiness and vibrant colours made them common selections for ornamentation and ornamental arts in historic civilizations. Proof of their use could be present in jewellery, seals, and inlays courting again millennia. Variations in shade and sample typically influenced symbolic interpretations, associating particular colours with specific properties or deities.
